What is global warming?
Warming refers to the increase in the surface temperature due to the greenhouse effect. This is the result of excessive burning of fossil fuels (coal, gas, natural oil), uncontrolled venting of greenhouse gases (CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide), and tragedy of commons created by anthropogenic activities.
Green House effect
The increase in greenhouse gas (GHGs) amounts and the trapping of heat in Earth’s atmosphere is known as the greenhouse effect. This phenomenon is observed since the pre-industrial period (1850-1900).
Effects of Global warming
Global warming is the phenomenon that causes elevation of ground temperature. This process affects loss in ice mass in Earth poles and mountains i.e. the Himalayas and Hindu-Kush mountain ice cap decrease due to less storage of snow and more melting in recent few decades. This in return creates frequent flash floods. Deliver extra water to the river banks and wash out the crops and houses which come on their way. Additionally, there are health impacts imposed by increased temperature like heat waves. As far as the farming community is concerned, new pests on their crops have taken control results in harming their cultivation. Extreme weather conditions were recorded such as droughts, floods, hurricanes.
Prediction by evaluating current scenarios
The expected warming would reach 1.5°C by 2030. Whereas the current warming rate is 0.2°C, This is an alarming situation mainly to the people living in vulnerable areas, and also for the developing countries who are less prepared for natural disasters. These areas like mountainous areas, farming zones are most susceptible to Global warming effects.
Commons tragedy
The problem is caused initially due to our own human behavior, the so-called- Tragedy of the commons. The main idea of this concept is: nature has bestowed all human beings with free of cost natural resources like air. And people are using them mercilessly. Because these resources are not their private property, they may take care of these if they have purchased them. But the resources naturally available to them grant them the right to use these assets without giving a thought to their misuse. Initially when the industrial period started and the more fossil fuel was burnt to produce more energy and products without checking on the wastes and gases. These wastes products in the form of greenhouse gases build up in the atmosphere. These gases trap the heat and result in heating in the climate system of the earth in the long run.
How we can mitigate and adapt to being responsive to climate change?
A human being can adapt to actions like living in avoiding building houses and farming fields in areas most likely to hit by adverse effects of climate change like extreme mountainous regions and flood plains. Promoting green cover in urban areas and plantations in barren lands can act as a sink for greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. This will possibly lower the amount of CO2 which is contributing gas for global warming. Moreover, adjusting to natural disasters accordingly is the only choice for people with minimal facilities provided by the Governments of any nation mainly in developing countries. Building resilience to this phenomenon by early precautionary measures will also reduce the worse effects created by global weather changes.
Possible actions to get minimal harms
Wholistically the process induced by human activities namely global warming is minimized by responsible actions of all the stakeholders, politicians, climate change ambassadors, and the public itself. Being said that actions like adopting environment-friendly products and limiting the gases like aerosol, CFCs from industries and machinery. Nevertheless, if these gases are treated beforehand- leaving to the open air then it will cause less harm to the environment and minimize the effects of Global warming.
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